“静电”就是人类最早认识的摩擦起电现象所产生的电荷, 它相对于经常使用的动力电, 是静止的, 其特性是电流小, 不形成回路, 其特点是有运动、有摩擦就会发生静电反映, 电位有时可高达几千伏或几万伏, 放电后迅速消失, 不能输送和分配, 随着高分子聚合材料的广泛应用, 静电危害问题日益突出, 不仅可引起着火、爆炸、还可使产品质量受到影响, 使电子器件损坏, 数据丢失等等。静电放电引起的危害和事故大致可分为三类: ①生产故障 。②火灾和爆炸。 ③人体静电电击引起的二次伤害。静电已危害到军工、火工、石油、化工、海运、感光材料、煤矿、橡胶、医药、浸油、煤气、石油气、乙炔气、宇航燃料灌储部门、电子器件制造业、微电子相关产业、机械电子、光电子、办公自动化、信息通讯、电子医疗、计算机, 在上述领域中, 由于静电现象引起的各种灾害和生产事故也随之日趋严重。因此对静电的危害及防范成为大家关心的问题, 相关国家标准也明确规定在上述领域必须穿防静电工作服。视频听译
The “static electricity” is the electric charge generated by the electrification by friction which is first recognized by human beings; compared with the frequently-used dynamic electricity, it is featured by static performance, small current, and no circuit. In addition to this, whenever motion and friction exist, it will generate the static reaction, with the electric potential of several thousand volts or tens of thousands volts. In addition, it will quickly disappear after the electric discharge, which can’t be conveyed and distributed. Along with the wide application of block copolymer materials, the harmfulness of the static electricity becomes more and more serious, which can not only catch fire and cause explosion, but also affect the product quality and lead to damaged electronic devices and data loss. In a word, the damages and accidents caused by the static electricity discharge can be classified as following three aspects: ① Production malfunction. ② Fire and explosion. ③ Secondary damage caused by the static electricity shock on human body. The static electricity has endangered the war industry, hot work, petroleum industry, chemical industry, sea transportation industry, sensitive material industry, coal mine, rubber industry, medicine industry, immersion oil industry, gas industry, petroleum gas industry, acetylene gas industry, aerospace fuel filing department, electronic device manufacturing industry, industry related to the micro-electronics, mechano-electronic industry, photoelectron industry, office automation industry, information and communication industry, electronic medical industry, and computer industry; accordingly, various damages and production accidents have also become more serious due to such static electricity. Consequently, the static electricity damage and prevention has become the issue that everybody cares and relevant national standards have also definitely specified that the anti-static work clothes shall be dressed in when working in above fields.
人体静电电击的发生, 既能由带电体对人体的放电, 也能由带静电的人体对接地体的放电, 其结果造成电流流向人体而发生电击, 尽管一般静电电击大多数只产生痛感和颤抖, 但在生产现场有时会造成指尖受伤或手指麻木等机能损伤, 或由于受电击引起心理上的障碍产生恐惧情绪在生产操作过程中造成机械伤害, 或从高处坠落等。为此许多国家, 都已明确规定, 在电力、高层建筑、高空作业和一切有危险作业的操作场所都要穿防静电服, 以避免因静电电击造成二次伤害事故的发生。上海英语翻译
The static electricity shock on human body can be generated by the electric discharge of the electrified body to the human body or the electric discharge of the human body with static electricity to the grounding body; as a result, the current will flow to the human body and cause the electric shock. Though the common static electricity shock will only cause the keenly feel and shaking; sometimes, in the production site, the fingertips will be damaged, fingers will be numb, other functions may be damaged, or mechanical damages or falling accident will occur during the production and operation due to the panic fear by the arising mental disorder. For this reason, many countries have definitely specified that, when working in the electriferous places, high-rise, high-lift construction, and other dangerous sites, the anti-static clothing must be dressed in to avoid the secondary damages due to the static electricity shock.
防静电服(布)主要机理: 利用金属纤维, 亚导电纤维或防静电合成纤维的电晕放电与泄漏放电机理, 消除衣服及人体带电。
Main mechanism of the anti-static clothing (textile): Taking the mechanism of the corona discharge and leakage discharge by the metallic fiber, sub-conductive fiber, or anti-static synthetic fiber, eliminate the electric power of the clothing and human body.
