胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell ,ES cell) 具有无限增殖和分化为体内三个胚层来源的各种类型组织细胞的潜能, 经过体外诱导能够分化为心肌细胞,移植到动物梗死心脏模型能与宿主心肌细胞相耦联,使梗死心室结构和功能正常化,而且在大量的研究中尚未发现移植排斥、心律失常、猝死或肿瘤形成等不良作用,有望成为修复损伤心脏的理想细胞来源。翻译公司

Background  Embryonic stem cells (ES cell) are capable of indefinite proliferation while retaining the ability to differentiate to any of the three germ layers that give rise to all somatic cell types. The ES cells can be induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro which are coupled with the host cardiomyocytes after the transplantation into the animal model of myocardial infarction. The structure and function of the infracted ventricular are normalized and the adverse effects such as transplantation rejection, cardiac arrhythmia, sudden death or tumor formation have not been found in considerable research. The ES cells have the potential to become the ideal cell source for injured heart repair.

 血管紧张素系统( renin-angiotensin system ,RAS) 是机体调控内环境稳定的重要体液调节系统之一,通过对体循环血流动力学及血容量的作用,对心脏和心血管功能发挥重大的影响; 它主要通过血管紧张素的作用而产生多种生物学效应。血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensin Ⅱ,ANGⅡ) 是肾素-血管紧张素系统的主要活性肽,愈来愈多的证据表明,在一些以组织器官发生进行性纤维化为特征的慢性疾病,尤其是心血管, 肾脏疾病的进展中起着重要作用 。Timmermans PB , Wang PC , Chiu AT , et al . [J ] . Pharmacol Rev ,1993 ,45(1) :205-225　上海翻译公司

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the most important humoral regulation systems, which is responsible for the regulation of the stability of the internal environment of the body. The RAS plays an important role in the function of the heart and cardiovascular system through the regulation of the systemic vascular hemodynamic and the blood volume. The RAS produces various biological effects through renin-angiotensin. AngiotensinⅡ(ANGⅡ) is the main active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system. More and more evidence show that AngiotensinⅡplays an important role in the progress of some chromatic diseases, especially the cardiovascular disease and the renal disease, which is characterized in the proceeding fibrosis of the tissue and organ.