反演卤代温室气体排放量的核心内容是求解线性超定方程组。在数学上, 求解超定方程组一般采用最小二乘法, 通过逐步迭代使可得解与真实解的平均标准偏差达到最小, 来得到方程的最优解。我们借鉴这种方法, 结合FLEXPART模拟结果与上甸子测站卤代温室气体在线观测资料, 求解该超定方形组的最优解。深圳翻译公司

The core for inversing halogenated greenhouse gases emissions is to solve overdetermined linear equations. In mathematics, least square method is usually used to solve overdetermined linear equations. Through stepwise iterations, the deviation between solution and true solution can be minimized; therefore, the optimum solution can be obtained. By combining the FLEXPART simulation results and the on-line observation materials of halogenated greenhouse gases from Shang Dianzi Observatory with this method, we can obtain the optimum solution.

方程组表达式为:

矩阵为不同格点排放量对上甸子测站卤代温室气体浓度产生贡献的系数矩阵, 由FLEXPART模式结果按时间序列排列而成。

The expression of the equations is:

Matrix is a coefficient matrix of different emission points' contribution to the density of halogenated greenhouse gases of Shang Dianzi Observatory; it is permutated by results of FLEXPART mode in a time order.

为j行1列的矩阵, 由上甸子测站卤代温室气体观测浓度-时间序列排列而成。需要注意的是, 这里的观测值并非台站数据的直接应用, 而是剔除了本底浓度(也称为基线浓度)后的观测值。因为本底浓度代表着滤除了局地条件和人为活动直接影响、已混合均匀的大气组成特征, 非本底浓度常用于排放源反演^[64]。因此当要反演北京周边大范围区域内卤代烃排放量和排放源分布时, 用剔除本底浓度后的观测数据作为方程的右边项, 结果应该更合理也更具有实际意义。广州翻译公司

is a matrix of row j line 1, and is permutated in an order of observation density and time. It is noteworthy that the observation values are not the direct application of the Observatory data; the background density (also named baseline density) has already been excluded. The background density reflects the composition features of the atmosphere that has been evenly mixed, and from which the local conditions and direct influences of human activities have been excluded; the non-background density is usually applied in emission source inversion. Use the data, from which the background density has been excluded, as the right term of the equations in inversing halohydrocarbon emissions and emission sources distribution should bring out more rational and more meaningful results.